Temporary binder.



PATENTED APR. 9, 1907.

E. G. DOW. TEMPORARY BINDER. APPLIUATIQN FILED JUNE 24, 1904.

2 SEEETS-SHEET 1.

29 1 9 w w as) 4 @lCkoI/nu No. 849,836. PATENTED APR 9, 190 7.

. E. G. DGW.

TEMPORARY BINDER.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 24, 1904.

2 SHEETSSHEET 2.

EBENEZER GREIG DOW, OFHORNSEY RISE, LONDON, ENGLAND.

TEMPORARY BINDER.

To (ti/Z whom, it may concern;

Be it known that I, EBENEZER GREIG Dow, a subject of the King of Great Britain, residing at Fairbank, Orleans Road, Hornsey Rise, in the county of London, England, have invented certain new and useful Im rove ments in Temporary Binders or Fi es for Papers and the Like and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, 'such as will .enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates tov paper binders or files for letters, invoices, statements, accounts, receipts, legal or other documents, .andpapers of similar character and for pamphlets and like articles and it has particularreference to that class of binders or files in which the papers or pamphlets are impaled or threaded on needles and their bound edges are held between guards, to one of which the needles are fastened, while the other is adapted to be moved over on top of the edges of the papers to holdthem on the needles and to be moved ofi the same when papers are to be placed on or removed from the needles. In this class of files or binders the guards are connected by means of a section, (whichmay be termed a back, as it has the same relation to the bound edges of the papers or pamphlets as the back of a book has to the edges of the leaves) and this section may further be connected with sides that form a cover for the binder] Heretofore as a rule the sides of the cover have been made of stiff n1aterialas, for example, board covered with cloth or other material and to these sides the guards have been hinged, so as to turn or swing independently of the sides to a position parallel to one another and at right angles to the needles of the guards. To do this, the guards are moved into position and held parallel to one another in order to get' the slots into position for the needles to enter them, and the side guards had to be carefully adjusted and held by one hand while the needles were guided and the devices for locking the needles in engagement with the slotted or perforated guard were secured. Furthermore, these articles when made up as stated are necessarily expensive, as the cost of material and manu facturing are considerable owing to the cover, back, and guards having to be made up as iepagate pieces and put together entirely by Specification of Letters Patent. Application filed June 24,1904. Se'riaLNo. 213,959.

ing mechanism being shown open.

Patented April-9, 1907.

From the above it will be understood that the elements referred to viz., the guards, needles, and backare known to the art and that this inventionrelates toimprovements which have for their' object. to produce a more practical and economical binder or file of the kind referred to and to ada t the needles to enter the slots in the guar s mechanically while the uard is being moved to its position ove'r an on top of the edges of the papers on the needles and to make it unnecessary to hold the guard in position to receive the needles or to guide the needles in entering the slots.

The invention will first be described in connection with the drawings and then particularly pointed out in the claims- In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a perspective view of the paper binder or file open with the locking mechanism and other accessories connected therewith. Fig. 2 represents the same closed and with the needles entered in the slots and in position to be bent down to fasten the guard on top of the papers on the needles,-th% lock- 1g. 3 is a transverse section of the binder or file, taken on line a: w of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section of the same, taken on line .y y of Fig. 2. Fig 4 represents, on a larger scale, a sectional perspective view of the upper guard, showing clearly one of the grooves therein to receive the bent needles. Fig. 4 represents a similar view of the guard with a needle in the groove. Fig. 5 represents the blank from which the guards, back, and cover of the binder or file are made; and Fig. 6 is asection on line 5 5, Fig. 5.

Referring to the drawings, the non-metallic parts of the binder or file comprise the guards .1 2, the former for convenience being hereafter called the. upper guard and the latterthe under guard, and a stiff connecting back 3, to which the said guards are connected by means of hinge-joints. Preferably the guards and back are integral parts of one another, beingmade in a single iece from card or book board, and the iinge-joints are in that case formed by creasing the material on the lines 4 5 between the guards and the back. The back is also divided into two parts 6 7by a hinge-joint 8,

(which may also be formed by creasing the material,) parallel to the hinge-joints 4 5 to adapt'thepart 6 to be'turned or folded over thegpartjgparallel or at any angle thereto.

The upper guard lhas its free edge provided with rectangular openings cut in from the lree edge and forming slots 9 10, the outer ends of which are open. This guard is stiffened and protected by means of ametal plate 11, having slots in its edge correspond ing to the slots 9 10 in position and form. This plate is preferably of U form 1n crosssection, so that it embraces-both sides and the free edge of the guard and protects the same and also the edges of the slots against injury to the same, as well as stiffening the guard, so that it will not become soft or pliable and lose its shape, and the slots will be retained in their proper positions relative to the hinge-joint 8 and also to the needles hereafter described. The upper guard 1 being by preference made of cardboard, it is evident that it would soon lose its stiffness and become pliable and misshapen if it were unprotected, owing to the fact that the wear and tear of opening the binder to insert or remove papers falls almost entirely upon this upper guard, and, furthermore, the needles on which the papers are impaled or threaded engage this guard by entering the slots and are secured by being bent down or clenched against it to hold it against the papers on the needles. The metal plate is also required to cooperate with the device by which the needles are held in the slots, which will be described farther on in this specification.

The under guard 2 carries the filing, threading, or impaling needles 12 13, which are preferably integra parts of one another, being made from a flat strip of flexible metal 14, which is threaded through incisions 1516 17 18, the ends protruding through the incisions and forming the needles, which are pointed to facilitate threading the papers on them. The distance between the incisions 18 is exactly the saine as the distance between the slots 9 10, (measuring from the centers of the slots,)so that the needles are directly. opposite the slots or in transverse alinement thereto, so that they will enter a the same readily while in their upright position, as wi I appear more fully whenthe operation of the hinder or file is described.

When the needles have been bent down after enteri the slots, it is requisite to the practical utility of the device that means for holding them down against the guard should be provided. It is evident that many mechanical eontrivances can be used for the purpose that will readily coact with the elements of the binder or file which have heretofore been described; but there isshown in connection with the upper guard 1 a lock or device for the pur ose which is simple, cheap, and effective. T is contrivance consists of a metal plate 19 of substantially the same length as the stiffening and protecting plate 11, which has its rear edge 20 connected with the plate 11 by hinges of any suitable kind.- In this instance parts ofth e hinges on the plate consist ofloops 21 21 21, formed by making a number ofshort parallel incisions at proper intervals from one another in the plate 11 and driving up the metal between. In the rear edge of the plate 19' there are slots 25 to receive the loops, and in the edges of the same plate between the slots there are sheaths 26, formed by turning the edge of the plate under between the slots,

and through this sheath and the'loops 21 21 2 1 a pin or pintle 27 is passed, and thus the hinge connection between the. clamping-- bent under to form a lip 28, so that when the plate is turned down parallel to the stiffeningplate ll'and moved forward the lip drops down below the edge. of plate 11 and when pushed back passes under the edge, and

thereby fastens the plate 19 in its looking or clamping position on the plate 11.

In the surface of plate 1 1 there are grooves 29 '29, extending fromthe slots toward the ends of the plate. These grooves are about the same depth as the thickness of the nee- .dles 12 13, so that when in these grooves the are about flush with the surface of the st' ening-plate. The ed es of the needles bear against the sides 0 the grooves, and they are thus prevented from sli ing out of-the slots, and when the file is held in such :1; position that the papers hang from the The above description covers the essential features or elements of the paper hinder or file; but it is 'evident'that man of the parts can be difierently constructe .without d eparting from the principleof the invention.

hus the stiffening-plate 11 may be applied to but one side of the upper guard 1 instead of covering both sides, as shown and described. The plate 19 may be connected with the plate 11 by another kind of hinge, and it may be arranged to engage the plate when closed down by other means than the lip. Tl1e needles instead of being integral parts of one another may be made separate and connected with the guard 2 in any convenient way.

The parts 6 7 of the back 3 of the file are stiff or rigid and cannot be moved longitudinally, and the hinge-joint 8 between the parts is also inflexi le longitudinally. The distance from the hinge-joint 8 of the back to the guard 1 is such that when the back is folded by turning the parts 6 over part 7 the upper guard l is carried over on the under guard 2 or on topof the papers on the needles and thel needles' eiiter theslotsi ."taneo usly and as inseparabiejparts of. one

' another without being idedormanipulated ina'ny way, This is rought about bythe;

hinge-joint 8 being parallel to a une'jbmin the needles, so-that the upperguard is'hel in a parallel position to the needles as it moves toward them and the needles" enter the slots while in their upright positioni Owing to the longitudinal 1 rigidity of the back, the slots oannot-d'rvergefrom'the transverse lines leading to the needles and the latter mustenter the slots as theupper guard moves to its position ,on. top of "the p pers. w the'papers acoumulate andvthe upper- I guard when moved over enstop. ofjthemis at from the tinder guard, .i hq-h nge-j i 8 6011'- and guides and limits an inoreasingdista trek the upper.

"its! movement'moward the needles, which v f enter the slotslsiniultaneously as one memher without bending or being guided to bring them in line with the slots. p the stifiness and rigidity of,the back-sectlon" longitudinally and the restriction on themovement of the upper the part 6 o he back, which'gnoves only from the hingerjoint 8, the entrance of the needles into the slots is eifected automatically or b merely turning the part- 6 toward the nee es, which carries the guard 1 to its position over the member 2=and on'top of the papers on the needles.

Sides A B are connected by hing ge-joints 30 with-the back 3, and they form the cover of the binder. ;The cover and i the guards are preferabl'y madein a singlef lice;

from a rectan ular sheet of card or ook is threaded to fasten -the'needles to 'the' together The "incisions t 'i, is

board E, whic is--ereased transversely on the lines a b 0 dc. f g and provided with rectangular slots h h, which extend across the creased line b at right angles thereto, the

creased line crossing them, midway of their length, and with incisions 'l'; i,'k k, Z l, m m. Thus ereaspd, slotted, and. incised the guard 1 is formed by bending the gether and glued, thus forming the guard '1 of two thicknesses of the cardboard. As the slots h h cross the creased line b, whenthe parts between a b and b c are bent up the edges of the slots are doubled and the closed slots are converted into the open slots 9 10 of the guard. The lower guard "2 is formed by bending -the -'part between the creased lines af over the top of the part between the oreased 'line's" f g and gluing these parts ll, and'm' m are thus brought together and,form5the incisions1-5 16' 17 18 of the guardrZ, through which the strip of metal iorming the needles guard, as heretofore described. The creased guard 1 toward the needles byarts of the guard between the creased lines 'a, and be upward, whereby these two parts are brought tov lines'e cie e form the hinge joints 3O 4 5 30 fil e,'-and the breased lined, forms the liihg'e joiBtB, on'whith the-backs is trans- Y versel y foldablegf as; heretofore, described.

' 6' stews theicover; and back formed fmmthe 'reotan I p p 7 piece of cardboard in'the manner heretofore described;

.Inusi this binderor'file thepapers are pe e by'a suitable perforating device near one edge and placed upon the needles by threading the needlesthrough the perforations. Part6 of the ba'cksection is then turned over toward; part7, and thereby the guard 1 is moved.oveftoward the needles in straight lines; and the needles automatically enterthe; slots; imultaneously vas 1 the guard moves to its position on top of the papers The needles'are them-bent down into the groovesin'plate 11, and'thelocking-plate 19 is then turned down-on top of theneedles, moved forward until .the lip" drops below the edgeof the plate 1 1, and'ftlien' pushed 'back torforce the" lip under theplate -1 1 between ,In the above description'only'two needles have been mentioned; .but it is evident that any number of needles' 'may be; used if. the guard 1-is supplied witha corresponding number of slots.

one needle may be used in which case the guard would have but one slot. The guard ,2;may be dispensed with. entirely and the needles fixed to a rigid plate 01" board, if desired, and this board may or may not be made in one piece with'the side A.

I claim 7 1. In binders or files-the combination of a transversely foldabie backsection, guards flexibly connected with opposite'edges of the back, one of the said guards having flexible needles fastened to it and the other having slots in its edge to receive the needles when the guard is moved to its'position on to%of the papers, and a locking-plate slida ly hinged, to the slotted guard and having'a lip -on its free edge which when the plate is swu'ng down on the guard and moved for-+- Ward drops below the edge ofthe guard and whenpushed back passes between the guard and the papers and holds the ends 'of the needles bent down on the tially' as specified.

' 2.;IIr-b1nders or files a cover folded on guard, subs-tan In some instahces only TOG IIO

itself to form upper andlower guards the upper guard having open slotsin-its free edge and the under guard having needles to re-- ,ceive the papers a U shaped plate placed stantially asspecifiedg.

. nee les,-' .a'slotted stifiening-plate fastened to the slejttedaglnard having longitudinal grooves innit s'x'ten over the upper guardto strengthen and reinforce the sameand havi slots therein coincident withthe slots in t e guard, sub- 3'. In paper-hinders the combination of a back, uards to andtheot er having slots-in its edge opposite. and in'line with theneedles to receive the needles-when the said guard is movedto its osition on top-of the papers on the ng from the slots which receive the' ends of the needles when bent down on the'guard-and means connectedwith the said stiffening-plate for holding the needles in the grooves, substantially as sp'eeifieda f -4-. In .bindersor files a cover -feldedson itself to form guards and a hingedbeck-3 one ofsaid guards being provided witln'twb or -more slots ,cut in the ed e themo fifland-itheother guard being p'rovi ed withpirn jalinge needles adapted to pass'inte sard sets, a

, locking-plate hinged to one eff saidguards ed" thereto one of said 7 guards avi flexi le needles fastened there-' guard and-ta hold the impaling in, their bent-down position, substan- I and rovided with 'a lip; said hinge being paral e1 with the hinged back and said lockmg-Plate being adapted to be moved so as to grip the edge of the said guard and hold the position, substantiall asspecified.

5. In binders or es a cover folded on itself seas to form two guards, a lo 'tudinal hinge on each side ofzeach gu'and an a lon itudlnal in the back between the ar s, one of said guards being provided with two or more slots out in'the edge thereof and the other guard being provided with im alingrmpaling-needles securely in their bent-down V needles adapted two-pass into said s ots, a 1

EBENEZER GREIG DOW.

, Witnesses: o

Rnem4L-nEAr-oN ELLIS, RonnRrMILToN SPEAnrom'r. 

